Linguistic is the study
of language. It is a means to
communicate, it is a semiotic system. By that we simply mean that is a set of signs. Its a sign is a pair consisting- in the word of Ferdinand de Saussure-
of a signifier and a signified. We pefer to call tthe signifier the exponed and the signified the meaning. For example, in English the
string/ dog/ is a signifier, and its signified is, say, doghood, or the set of
all dogs.
In linguistics,
language signs are constituted of six different levels, not just two: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax,
semantics, and pragmatics.
Ø Phonetics
is the study of speech sound of human
languages, their production and their perception.
Ø Phonology
is the study of how speech sounds
pattern.
Ø Morphology
is the study of word or te study of the minimal meaningful units of
language. It studies of structure of word, however from a semantic
viewpoint rather than from the viewpoint of sound.
Ø Syntax
is the study of how words combine to form sentences
Ø Semantics
is the study of meaning. Meaning is
not just some aspect of the form in
which expressions are put by the language.
Ø Pragmatics
is the study of language in context.
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